Loan balance over time
| Total of 360 payments | $905,346 |
| Principal | $315,000 |
| Interest | $407,742 |
| Taxes | $115,500 |
| Insurance | $54,000 |
| HOA fees | $0 |
| PMI | $13,104 |
Reading your results
Monthly payment is the complete figure — principal, interest, and the escrow items you entered: property tax, homeowner insurance, PMI and any HOA dues. This is what actually leaves your account each month.
Principal and interest is the fixed core of the payment. On a fixed-rate loan it never changes, however much the escrow portion drifts.
Taxes, insurance and PMI are shown separately for a reason: they are the parts that move. Assessments and premiums are revised annually, so your total payment can change even on a fixed-rate mortgage.
PMI ends marks the month your balance reaches the legal cancellation threshold and the charge falls away, permanently lowering the payment for the rest of the term. It appears only when your down payment is under 20 percent.
Total interest is what the loan costs on top of the amount borrowed — the number a shorter term or a larger down payment cuts most sharply.
The amortization schedule below breaks every payment into principal and interest across the life of the loan, so you can see how much of the home you own at any point.
When your PMI ends — and how to end it sooner
At $137 a month, PMI is the one part of this payment with an expiry date. There are two of them, and the difference is worth money.
Waiting for the automatic date instead of asking costs an extra $1,911 — 14 more months of premiums. Cancellation is not automatic paperwork: you have to ask, in writing, and be current on the loan.
| Extra per month | Can request from | PMI paid in total | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| nothing extra | Aug, 2034 | $13,104 | |
| $100 | Nov, 2032 | $10,238 | 21 months sooner |
| $200 | Oct, 2031 | $8,463 | 34 months sooner |
| $300 | Jan, 2031 | $7,235 | 43 months sooner |
Extra payments move the request date only. The automatic 78% date is fixed to the original schedule by law, whatever you pay ahead — which is exactly why asking beats waiting.
Two routes are not modelled here: cancellation once the home appreciates enough to clear 80% on a fresh appraisal, and the midpoint-of-the-term rule. FHA loans work differently again — their mortgage insurance usually lasts the life of the loan. PMI explained covers the cancellation routes in full, including what a lender may ask for.
Amortization schedule
| Date | Principal | Interest | Tax, Ins., HOA & PMI | Balance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sep | $280 | $1,727 | $607 | $314,720 |
| Oct | $282 | $1,726 | $607 | $314,438 |
| Nov | $283 | $1,724 | $607 | $314,154 |
| Dec | $285 | $1,723 | $607 | $313,869 |
| 2026 | $1,131 | $6,900 | $2,429 | $313,869 |
| Jan | $287 | $1,721 | $607 | $313,583 |
| Feb | $288 | $1,719 | $607 | $313,295 |
| Mar | $290 | $1,718 | $607 | $313,005 |
| Apr | $291 | $1,716 | $607 | $312,714 |
| May | $293 | $1,715 | $607 | $312,421 |
| Jun | $295 | $1,713 | $607 | $312,126 |
| Jul | $296 | $1,711 | $607 | $311,830 |
Taxes, insurance and PMI FAQ
- What is included in a monthly mortgage payment?
- Four items make up the payment lenders call PITI: principal, interest, property taxes and homeowner insurance. Most lenders collect the tax and insurance portions into an escrow account and pay those bills on your behalf. Two more can be added: PMI, charged on conventional loans until you hold 20 percent equity, and HOA dues if your community has an association. This calculator adds all of them, so the figure it shows is what actually leaves your account.
- How much do taxes and insurance add to a mortgage payment?
- More than most buyers expect. Property tax averages roughly 1.1 percent of the home value a year in the United States, though it ranges from about 0.3 percent in Hawaii to over 2 percent in New Jersey and Illinois. Homeowner insurance commonly runs 1,500 to 2,500 dollars a year. Together they often add 400 to 600 dollars a month on a mid-priced home, which is why a payment quoted as principal and interest alone can be misleading.
- What is PMI and when does it stop?
- Private mortgage insurance protects the lender, not you, and is charged on conventional loans when your down payment is under 20 percent. It typically costs between 0.3 and 1.5 percent of the loan a year. By federal law the lender must cancel it automatically once scheduled amortization brings you to 78 percent of the original value, and you may request cancellation at 80 percent. This calculator shows the exact month your PMI payments end.
- What is an escrow account?
- An escrow account is a holding account your lender uses to collect one twelfth of your annual property tax and insurance with each payment, then pay those bills when they fall due. It means your monthly figure includes them rather than facing you with large lump sums twice a year. Because tax assessments and insurance premiums change, the escrow portion is recalculated annually and your payment can move even on a fixed-rate loan.
- Can I avoid PMI without putting 20 percent down?
- Sometimes. A piggyback arrangement splits the borrowing into a first mortgage at 80 percent and a second loan covering part of the rest. Some lenders offer lender-paid mortgage insurance, which removes the separate PMI line but raises your interest rate instead. VA loans for eligible veterans carry no monthly mortgage insurance at all. Each option trades the PMI charge for a different cost, so compare the total payment rather than the label.
- Does a fixed-rate mortgage payment ever change?
- The principal and interest portion never changes on a fixed-rate loan. The total payment can still move, because property taxes are reassessed, insurance premiums rise, and PMI eventually drops off. That is why the payment shown here is split into its parts: the fixed core stays put while the escrow items drift over the years.
More on these costs
The cash side of the same decision is in the down payment calculator — what each threshold costs at closing, and how the PMI bill changes with it. To start from income instead of a price, use the affordability calculator.
Longer reads: what PMI really costs and how to cancel it, how escrow, taxes and insurance work, and how much down payment you actually need.
Run the numbers for your state
Property tax is the line that moves most between states — from 0.27% of home value to nearly 2%. Each page below is this calculator preloaded with that state’s rate and median home price.
- Alabama0.38%
- Alaska1.06%
- Arizona0.43%
- Arkansas0.52%
- California0.71%
- Colorado0.49%
- Connecticut1.66%
- Delaware0.47%
- District of Columbia0.63%
- Florida0.75%
- Georgia0.74%
- Hawaii0.27%
- Idaho0.43%
- Illinois1.92%
- Indiana0.74%
- Iowa1.29%
- Kansas1.25%
- Kentucky0.71%
- Louisiana0.53%
- Maine0.91%
- Maryland0.95%
- Massachusetts1.00%
- Michigan1.18%
- Minnesota1.02%
- Mississippi0.65%
- Missouri0.79%
- Montana0.69%
- Nebraska1.42%
- Nevada0.47%
- New Hampshire1.46%
- New Jersey1.89%
- New Mexico0.63%
- New York1.45%
- North Carolina0.61%
- North Dakota0.96%
- Ohio1.22%
- Oklahoma0.75%
- Oregon0.78%
- Pennsylvania1.16%
- Rhode Island1.07%
- South Carolina0.45%
- South Dakota1.02%
- Tennessee0.45%
- Texas1.31%
- Utah0.49%
- Vermont1.42%
- Virginia0.71%
- Washington0.79%
- West Virginia0.52%
- Wisconsin1.25%
- Wyoming0.57%
Why the advanced fields are open on this page
A mortgage payment quoted as principal and interest is only part of the story. On a typical American home, property tax and homeowner insurance add several hundred dollars a month, and a down payment under 20 percent adds PMI on top. This page starts with those fields already filled in, so the number you see is the whole payment rather than the flattering half of it.
The defaults model a common situation: a home bought with 10 percent down, which means PMI applies. Replace the figures with your own — the tax and insurance boxes take annual dollars, HOA takes a monthly amount, and PMI is an annual percentage of the loan.
Where the numbers come from
- Property tax is set by your county and reassessed periodically. The national average is near 1.1 percent of value a year, but the spread is enormous: roughly 0.3 percent in Hawaii against more than 2 percent in New Jersey. Your county assessor publishes the rate.
- Homeowner insurance depends on the rebuild cost, the roof, and local risk from storms, wildfire or flood. Most policies land between 1,500 and 2,500 dollars a year, and flood cover is usually separate.
- PMI is quoted as an annual percentage of the loan, commonly 0.3 to 1.5 percent depending on your credit score and how little you put down.
- HOA dues are charged monthly by condominium and planned communities and are not part of escrow — you pay them directly.
Watching PMI disappear
PMI is the one item on the list with an expiry date. Federal law requires the lender to cancel it automatically once regular payments bring the balance to 78 percent of the home’s original value, and you can ask for cancellation at 80 percent. The results panel shows the month that happens, and the amortization schedule below marks the point where your payment drops.
That date is worth planning around. Paying a little extra each month reaches the threshold sooner, and on a loan with a large PMI charge the saving can be worth more than the extra payment itself.
Comparing the whole cost
Once taxes, insurance and PMI are included, some comparisons change shape. A cheaper house in a high-tax county can cost more each month than a pricier one next door. A larger down payment removes PMI immediately and lowers the interest at the same time. A 15-year term raises the payment but cuts total interest sharply.
Test those trade-offs here, check what lenders are quoting with the current mortgage rates in your state, and see the monthly cost by loan size on the mortgage payment tables. For the plain principal-and-interest view, the home loan calculator keeps things simple.